{"id":681,"date":"2016-02-12T16:15:47","date_gmt":"2016-02-12T15:15:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.careforair.eu\/?p=681"},"modified":"2025-09-09T14:45:29","modified_gmt":"2025-09-09T12:45:29","slug":"oxid-uhlicity-v-interierech-realna-mereni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/nezarazene\/oxid-uhlicity-v-interierech-realna-mereni\/","title":{"rendered":"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd v interi\u00e9rech – re\u00e1ln\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

CO2 <\/sub>v interi\u00e9rech \u2013 re\u00e1ln\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed<\/h1>\n

CO2\u00a0<\/sub>je bezbarv\u00fd plyn bez z\u00e1pachu, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,5 x t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzduch. Jedn\u00e1 se\u00a0o\u00a0jeden z\u00a0nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ovatel\u016f vnit\u0159n\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a\u00a0to proto, \u017ee zdrojem tohoto plynu je hlavn\u011b \u010dlov\u011bk.<\/p>\n

M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed koncentrace CO2<\/sub><\/h3>\n

Koncentrace oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho je ud\u00e1v\u00e1na v\u00a0ppm\u00a0(z anglick\u00e9ho Parts Per Million), neboli \u010d\u00e1stice z milionu. Nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch nap\u0159. 1 500 ppm = 1 500 \u010d\u00e1stic v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed na\u00a0milion\u00a0 dal\u0161\u00edch. N\u011bkdy s ud\u00e1v\u00e1 i v\u00a0%.<\/p>\n

Doporu\u010den\u00e9 hodnoty<\/h3>\n

Takzvan\u00e9 Pettenkoferovo krit\u00e9rium (Pettenkofer, 1858), kter\u00e9 stanovuje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnotu koncentrace CO2<\/sub>\u00a0ve vnit\u0159n\u00edch prostorech, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 se \u010dlov\u011bk c\u00edt\u00ed st\u00e1le komfortn\u011b, je 1 000 ppm (0,1\u00a0%). Tuto hodnotu p\u0159evzala i\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010dnost ASHRAE \u2013 profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed spole\u010dnost s\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 tis\u00edci \u010dleny zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se\u00a0obory stavebn\u00ed technologie a\u00a0stavebn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my se\u00a0zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na\u00a0vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, klimatizace a\u00a0chlad\u00edrenstv\u00ed. Podporuje technick\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, pod\u00edl\u00ed se\u00a0na\u00a0certifikac\u00edch a\u00a0standardizaci, vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dasopis ASHRAE Journal, zve\u0159ej\u0148uje anotace v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch zpr\u00e1vy a\u00a0informace o\u00a0konferenc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Hodnota koncentrace 1 000 ppm oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho v\u00a0interi\u00e9ru je tedy horn\u00ed hranic\u00ed pro\u00a0kvalitn\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed vzduch v USA. P\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed koncentraci doch\u00e1z\u00ed obvykle k\u00a0\u00fanav\u011b, nesoust\u0159ed\u011bnosti osob, kter\u00e9 se zde zdr\u017euj\u00ed, v hor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee i bolet hlava nebo m\u016f\u017eete m\u00edt z\u00e1vrat\u011b. Vzduch s\u00a0koncentrac\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho nad\u00a01\u00a0500 ppm (= hrani\u010dn\u00ed hodnota v \u010cR) v interi\u00e9ru je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za\u00a0vyd\u00fdchan\u00fd vzduch.<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 hranice koncentrace oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 nezp\u016fsobuje \u010dlov\u011bku v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed rizika je 5 000 ppm, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 udr\u017eovat koncentraci CO2<\/sub>\u00a0pod\u00a0jedn\u00edm tis\u00edcem ppm.<\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Pro zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fdch hodnot koncentrace CO2<\/sub>\u00a0v m\u00edstech, kde lid\u00e9 tr\u00e1v\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu \u010dasu, na\u0161e firma um\u00edstila \u010didla kvality vzduchu do dvou t\u0159\u00edd mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly, do t\u0159\u00eddy z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly a do dvou kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mate\u0159sk\u00e1 \u0161kola<\/h3>\n

Jednalo se o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed ve dvou t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch o stejn\u00e9 velikosti 8 x 7 m, v nich se zdr\u017eovala skupina cca 24 d\u011bt\u00ed a u\u010ditelky. Proto\u017ee rozlohou se jednalo o relativn\u011b velk\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti, kde se zdr\u017eovaly d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 produkuj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed CO2<\/sub>, v m\u00edstnostech se dost v\u011btralo a nav\u00edc se d\u011bti i \u010dasto zdr\u017eovaly mimo tyto m\u00edstnosti (dopoledn\u00ed proch\u00e1zka, ob\u011bd a sp\u00e1nek po ob\u011bd\u011b), hodnota CO2<\/sub>\u00a0jen z\u0159\u00eddka p\u0159ekro\u010dila hranici 2 000 ppm. P\u0159esto hodnoty \u010dasto p\u0159ekra\u010dovali 1 500 ppm \u2013 na\u0159\u00edzenou hodnotu, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 se mus\u00ed v\u011btrat v \u010cR.<\/p>\n

\"grafskolka\"<\/p>\n

Obr\u00e1zek 1: M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed ve \u0161kolce (velk\u00fd propad = v\u00edkend, men\u0161\u00ed propady = noc, poklesy CO2<\/sub> p\u0159es den = vych\u00e1zky, ob\u011bd,\u2026)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kola<\/h4>\n

M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole prob\u00edhalo v 1. t\u0159\u00edd\u011b (tzn. st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed 6-7 let) ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b o velikosti 8,5 x 9 m. T\u0159\u00edda tedy byla v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole, d\u011bt\u00ed tam bylo cca 26 a to pouze s mal\u00fdmi p\u0159est\u00e1vkami, kdy se tato t\u0159\u00edda nestihla vyv\u011btrat na \u00fanosnou koncentraci CO2<\/sub>. Hodnoty p\u0159es den tedy b\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u0159ekra\u010dovaly koncentraci 2 000 ppm a n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t dos\u00e1hly nad hodnotu 3 000 ppm. Tato skute\u010dnost m\u016f\u017ee vysv\u011btlit i \u010dastou \u00fanavu a nepozornost d\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fduce.<\/p>\n

\""Obr\u00e1zek\"<\/p>\n

Obr\u00e1zek 2: M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed ve \u0161kole (velk\u00fd propad = v\u00edkend, men\u0161\u00ed propady = noc, poklesy CO2<\/sub> p\u0159es den = vych\u00e1zky, ob\u011bd,\u2026)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Kancel\u00e1\u0159<\/h4>\n

M\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 hodnoty v\u00a0kancel\u00e1\u0159i byly ze\u00a0v\u0161ech m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Tato skute\u010dnost je d\u00e1na ventila\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, kter\u00fd je zaveden ve\u00a0firm\u011b. Krom\u011b toho tak\u00e9 relativn\u011b velkou m\u00edstnost\u00ed (6 x 7,5 m) s\u00a0vysok\u00fdmi stropy a n\u00edzk\u00fdm po\u010dtem pracovn\u00edk\u016f v\u00a0m\u00edstnosti.<\/p>\n

\"grafkancl\"<\/p>\n

Obr\u00e1zek 3: M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v kancel\u00e1\u0159i<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na\u0161e firma provedla pr\u016fzkum ve \u0161kolce, \u0161kole a kancel\u00e1\u0159i. Um\u00edstila \u010didla kvality vzduchu do t\u0159\u00edd a kancel\u00e1\u0159e. Odkud byly nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 hodnoty oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho nejhor\u0161\u00ed? Mo\u017en\u00e1 V\u00e1s v\u00fdsledky ani nep\u0159ekvap\u00ed, ale je v po\u0159\u00e1dku, \u017ee d\u011bti tr\u00e1v\u00ed tolik \u010dasu v uzav\u0159en\u00fdch m\u00edstnostech, kde je kvalita vzduchu \u010dasto a\u017e alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed?
\nPr\u016fzkum, kter\u00fd jsme prov\u00e1d\u011bli v lo\u017enic\u00edch ukazuje na to, \u017ee ani v noci neb\u00fdv\u00e1 kvalita vzduchu lep\u0161\u00ed, sp\u00ed\u0161e je hor\u0161\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00edce jak polovinu dne d\u00fdch\u00e1me nekvalitn\u00ed vzduch. Mysl\u00edte, \u017ee je to v po\u0159\u00e1dku?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9611,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-681","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene","post_format-post-format-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/681","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=681"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/681\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=681"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=681"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=681"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}