{"id":11890,"date":"2025-07-02T13:49:28","date_gmt":"2025-07-02T11:49:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/nicht-kategorisiert\/vse-dulezite-o-co2\/"},"modified":"2026-03-06T20:54:12","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T19:54:12","slug":"vse-dulezite-o-co2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/ungeordnet\/vse-dulezite-o-co2\/","title":{"rendered":"Alles Wichtige \u00fcber CO2"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u0161e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 o CO2<\/sub><\/h3>\n
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Co je to CO2<\/sub> neboli oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd?<\/strong><\/p>\n

CO2<\/sub>\u00a0je bezbarv\u00fd plyn bez chuti a z\u00e1pachu, t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzduch a v n\u00edzk\u00e9 koncentraci je p\u0159irozenou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed okoln\u00edho vzduchu. Procesem d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed k p\u0159em\u011bn\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti kysl\u00edku obsa\u017een\u00e9ho ve vdechnut\u00e9m vzduchu na oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed typick\u00e9 zdroje pat\u0159\u00ed obecn\u011b spalov\u00e1n\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad plynov\u00fd spor\u00e1k je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zdrojem CO2<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span>v dom\u00e1cnostech.<\/p>\n

Mno\u017estv\u00ed CO2<\/span> ve vzduchu se vyjad\u0159ujev jednotk\u00e1ch \u201eppm\u201c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jednotky \u201eppm\u201d poch\u00e1z\u00ed z anglick\u00e9ho \u201eParts Per Milion ~ \u010d\u00e1stice na mili\u00f3n\u201d. 1 ppm je tedy jeden d\u00edl v mili\u00f3nu = 1 mili\u00f3ntina. Nap\u0159\u00edklad koncentrace 1 000 ppm CO2<\/sub> ve vzduchu znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v ka\u017ed\u00e9m mili\u00f3nu molekul vzduchu je 1 000 molekul CO2<\/sub> a 999 000 molekul dal\u0161\u00edch plyn\u016f.<\/p>\n

Venkovn\u00ed vzduch v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b obsahuje zhruba 420 ppm CO2<\/sub>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\"Kol\u00e1\u017e<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\n\"\u00danava<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Historicky v devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed bavorsk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 Max Josef von Pettenkofer<\/strong>, na z\u00e1klad\u011b zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed negativn\u00edho vlivu vyd\u00fdchan\u00e9ho vzduchu obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho z\u00e1pachy a od\u00e9ry uvol\u0148ovan\u00e9 dechem a poko\u017ekou, navrhl pou\u017e\u00edvat koncentraci CO2<\/sub> jako vhodn\u00fd indik\u00e1tor pro posouzen\u00ed v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed. A navrhl mezn\u00ed koncentraci 1 000 ppm jako indik\u00e1tor nedostate\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed. A toto krit\u00e9rium se pak postupn\u011b za\u010dalo v\u00edce pou\u017e\u00edvat pro posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed intenzity v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed a jeho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1sledn\u011b se za\u010dalo toto krit\u00e9rium v\u00edce a v\u00edce prosazovat v praxi a do\u0161lo i ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed limitu v rozsahu 1 000 \u2013 1 500 ppm. Principi\u00e1ln\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed koncentrace CO2<\/sub> zaji\u0161\u0165uje kontrolovanou v\u00fdm\u011bnu vzduchu a tedy se d\u00edky tomu udr\u017euje jak n\u00edzk\u00e1 koncentrace CO2<\/sub>, tak se automaticky sni\u017euje koncentrace ostatn\u00edch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek.<\/p>\n

Jsou to r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy t\u011bkav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 se typicky uvol\u0148uj\u00ed d\u00edky metabolick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti lidsk\u00e9ho organizmu dechem, potem, transpirac\u00ed poko\u017ekou apod. D\u00e1le toto \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 i k \u00faspor\u00e1m energie, jeliko\u017e se t\u00edm zabra\u0148uje nekontrolovan\u00e9mu p\u0159eventilov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Anatomie vydechovan\u00e9ho vzduchu<\/h3>\n
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Pro\u010d sledovat CO2<\/sub>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

CO2<\/sub> je vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed indik\u00e1tor toho, jak moc je vzduch aktu\u00e1ln\u011b vyd\u00fdchan\u00fd. Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem je, \u017ee pokud \u010dlov\u011bk nadechne venkovn\u00ed vzduch, tak vydechnut\u00fd vzduch obsahuje (mimo r\u016fzn\u00e9 od\u00e9ry a z\u00e1pachy) a\u017e zhruba a\u017e 100x vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed koncetraci CO2<\/sub><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tedy pokud lid\u00e9 pob\u00fdvaj\u00ed ve vnit\u0159n\u00edch prostor\u00e1ch, kde nen\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bno odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed, stoup\u00e1 pom\u011brn\u011b rychle koncentrace oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Koncentrace oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho v budov\u00e1ch \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s t\u00edm, kolik \u010derstv\u00e9ho vzduchu je do budovy p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bno. M\u00e1 tedy velmi dobrou vypov\u00eddac\u00ed schopnost o tom, jak je vzduch v dan\u00e9m prostoru vyd\u00fdchan\u00fd a jak hodn\u011b se aktu\u00e1ln\u011b v\u011btr\u00e1.<\/p>\n

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\u0160\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed CO2 <\/sub>v prostoru<\/h3>\n

CO2<\/sub><\/span><\/span> je t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzduch, m\u011brn\u00e1 hmotnost CO2<\/sub><\/span><\/span> je 1,839 kg\/m3 <\/span>p\u0159i 20 \u00b0C a tlaku 1 013 hPa, zat\u00edmco m\u011brn\u00e1 hmotnost vzduchu je 1,205 kg\/m3<\/span>. Ov\u0161em v norm\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru doch\u00e1z\u00ed d\u00edky termick\u00e9mu pohybu (klesaj\u00edc\u00ed a stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed proudy vzduchu), pohybu pob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch osob a d\u00edky ventilaci, k trval\u00e9mu m\u00edsen\u00ed s okoln\u00edm vzduchem a vnit\u0159n\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed je do velk\u00e9 m\u00edry relativn\u011b stejnorod\u00e9.<\/p>\n

K vrstven\u00ed neboli stratifikaci, kdy t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed CO2<\/sub><\/span><\/span> kles\u00e1 k zemi, doch\u00e1z\u00ed zejm\u00e9na ve sklep\u00edch \u010di studn\u00e1ch nebo jeskyn\u00edch a podobn\u011b, kde je minim\u00e1ln\u00ed pohyb vzduchu.<\/p>\n

\u010cidla CO2<\/sub><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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NL-ECO-CO2<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

Voliteln\u00fd rozsah \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 400 \u2013 1 000 \/ 2 000 \/ 5 000 ppm<\/p>\n

Analogov\u00fd v\u00fdstup \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u2013 10 V<\/p>\n

Sp\u00ednac\u00ed kontakt rel\u00e9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 250 V AC \/ 30 V DC<\/p>\n

Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 12 \u2013 24 V AC \/ DC nebo 230 V AC<\/p>\n

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  • Prostorov\u00e9 \u010didlo CO<\/span>2<\/span><\/li>\n
  • No\u010dn\u00ed re\u017eim \u2014 automatick\u00e9 zhas\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed LED v noci
    \nVariantn\u011b:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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    • Zvukov\u00fd alarm<\/li>\n
    • Kapacitn\u00ed tla\u010d\u00edtko n\u00e1razov\u00e9 v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

NL-ECO-CO2-D<\/a><\/h3>\n

Voliteln\u00fd rozsah \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 400 \u2013 2 000 \/ 400 \u2013 5 000 ppm<\/p>\n

Analogov\u00fd v\u00fdstup. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u2013 10 V<\/p>\n

Sp\u00ednac\u00ed kontakt rel\u00e9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0250 V AC \/ 30 V DC<\/p>\n

Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a012 \u2013 24 V AC \/ DC<\/p>\n

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  • \u010cidlo <\/span>CO<\/span>2<\/span> do vzduchotechnick\u00e9ho kan\u00e1lu<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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ADS-CO2-24<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n

Rozsah \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 400 \u2013 2 000 ppm<\/p>\n

Analogov\u00fd v\u00fdstup \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u2013 10 V, 0 \/ 4 \u2013 20 mA<\/p>\n

Sp\u00ednac\u00ed kontakt rel\u00e9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0250 V AC \/ 30 V DC<\/p>\n

Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a024 V AC \/ DC<\/p>\n

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  • Prostorov\u00e9 \u010didlo CO<\/span>2<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\n

CL-CO2<\/a><\/h3>\n

Voliteln\u00fd rozsah \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 400 \u2013 2 000 \/ 400 \u2013 5 000 ppm<\/p>\n

Analogov\u00fd v\u00fdstup \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u2013 10 V<\/p>\n

Sb\u011brnice RS485 \/ Modbus<\/p>\n

Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a012 \u2013 24 V AC \/ DC<\/p>\n

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  • Vestavn\u00e9 \u010didlo <\/span>CO<\/span>2 <\/span>do instala\u010dn\u00ed krabi\u010dky<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Fin\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ekryt\u00ed origin\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1slepkou<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    V\u0161e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 o CO2 Anatomie vydechovan\u00e9ho vzduchu \u0160\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed CO2 v prostoru CO2 je t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzduch, m\u011brn\u00e1 hmotnost CO2 je 1,839 kg\/m3 p\u0159i 20 \u00b0C a tlaku 1 013 hPa, zat\u00edmco m\u011brn\u00e1 hmotnost vzduchu je 1,205 kg\/m3. Ov\u0161em v norm\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru doch\u00e1z\u00ed d\u00edky termick\u00e9mu pohybu (klesaj\u00edc\u00ed a stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed proudy vzduchu), pohybu pob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch osob a d\u00edky ventilaci, k trval\u00e9mu m\u00edsen\u00ed s okoln\u00edm vzduchem a vnit\u0159n\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11898,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54,149],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ungeordnet","category-veranstaltungen"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11890"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13787,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11890\/revisions\/13787"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}