{"id":11947,"date":"2024-01-26T13:17:52","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T12:17:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/sin-categoria\/vyhlaska-o-povinnem-vetrani-skol-co-ceka-jejich-zrizovatele\/"},"modified":"2024-01-26T13:17:52","modified_gmt":"2024-01-26T12:17:52","slug":"vyhlaska-o-povinnem-vetrani-skol-co-ceka-jejich-zrizovatele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/no-clasificado\/legislative\/vyhlaska-o-povinnem-vetrani-skol-co-ceka-jejich-zrizovatele\/","title":{"rendered":"Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka o povinn\u00e9m v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kol: co \u010dek\u00e1 jejich z\u0159izovatele?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka o povinn\u00e9m v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kol: co \u010dek\u00e1 jejich z\u0159izovatele?<\/h1>\n

V roce 2023 p\u0159edlo\u017eilo Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed n\u00e1vrh vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky o hygienick\u00fdch po\u017eadavc\u00edch na prostory a provoz za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a provozoven pro v\u00fdchovu a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed a mladistv\u00fdch a d\u011btsk\u00fdch skupin. Co to pro \u0161koly a dal\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bude znamenat z hlediska v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch prostor\u016f?<\/p>\n

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\u0160koln\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy \u2013 mnoho lid\u00ed na mal\u00e9m prostoru\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Monitoring koncentrace oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho<\/span> (CO2<\/sub>)<\/a> ve vnit\u0159n\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zdrav\u00ed a pohodu lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed tam pob\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Koncentrace CO2<\/sub> je velmi dobr\u00fdm indik\u00e1torem vyd\u00fdchan\u00e9ho (zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho) vzduchu, proto\u017ee pokud se vzduch vyd\u00fdch\u00e1v\u00e1, tak krom\u011b samotn\u00e9ho CO2<\/sub> stoupaj\u00ed podobn\u011b i dal\u0161\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky ve vzduchu, uvol\u0148ovan\u00e9 dechem a i potem \u2013 d\u00edky metabolick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti lidsk\u00e9ho organizmu. Jsou to tzv. t\u011bkav\u00e9 organick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/span> \u2013 VOC<\/a> (z anglick\u00e9ho Volatile Organic Compounds). CO2<\/sub> se na rozd\u00edl od tis\u00edc\u016f druh\u016f VOC velmi snadno a p\u0159esn\u011b m\u011b\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed pak velmi napom\u016f\u017ee pocitu pohodl\u00ed pro \u017e\u00e1ky i u\u010ditele a zamez\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm projev\u016fm vyd\u00fdchan\u00e9ho vzduchu jako jsou sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 schopnost koncentrace, \u00fanava, ospalost, bolesti hlavy i nevolnost nebo a\u017e z\u00e1vrat\u011b.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"\"<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed okny je zpravidla nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 a i nevhodn\u00e9\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h3>\n

P\u0159irozen\u00e9 v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed okny nen\u00ed obvykle dostate\u010dn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9, a nav\u00edc \u010dasto kv\u016fli hluku \u010di n\u00edzk\u00e9 kvalit\u011b venkovn\u00edho vzduchu nen\u00ed ani vhodn\u00e9 a nen\u00ed v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 ani energeticky. Bohu\u017eel p\u0159i rekonstrukci \u0161koln\u00edch budov \u010dasto do\u0161lo k tomu, \u017ee se zdi oblo\u017eily tepeln\u011b izola\u010dn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem a vym\u011bnila se star\u00e1 okna za nov\u00e1 a t\u00edm do\u0161lo k podstatn\u00e9mu ut\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed ob\u00e1lky budovy. T\u00edm se zna\u010dn\u011b zhor\u0161ila kvalita vnit\u0159n\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, co\u017e je patrn\u00e9 i z na\u0161ich m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kdy koncentrace CO2<\/sub> v noci nebo p\u0159es v\u00edkend kles\u00e1 daleko pomaleji ne\u017e p\u0159ed rekonstrukc\u00ed, tedy p\u0159irozen\u00e1 infiltrace venkovn\u00edho vzduchu je v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezena.<\/p>\n

P\u0159irozen\u00e9 v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed okny je efektivn\u00ed pouze u m\u00edstnost\u00ed s mal\u00fdm po\u010dtem osob nebo u m\u00edstnost\u00ed s ob\u010dasn\u00fdm vyu\u017eit\u00edm (nap\u0159. u\u010debny ZU\u0160, kabinety apod.). V\u011btr\u00e1n\u00edm okny v klasick\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 splnit po\u017eadavky na kvalitn\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed energetick\u00e9 n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti budovy. Viz tabulka n\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n

Tabulka mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9ho venkovn\u00edho vzduchu v u\u010debn\u00e1ch a t\u011blocvi\u010dn\u00e1ch a mno\u017estv\u00ed odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9ho vzduchu v \u0161atn\u00e1ch a hygienick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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TYP PROSTORU<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

P\u0158IV\u00c1D\u011aN\u00dd VENKONV\u00cd VZDUCH (m3<\/sup>.hod-1<\/sup>)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

ODV\u00c1D\u011aN\u00dd VZDUCH (m3<\/sup>.hod-1<\/sup>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

U\u010debny<\/strong><\/td>\n20 na 1 d\u00edt\u011b\/\u017e\u00e1ka<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u011blocvi\u010dny<\/strong><\/td>\n20 na 1 d\u00edt\u011b\/\u017e\u00e1ka<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0160atny<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n20 na 1 d\u00edt\u011b\/\u017e\u00e1ka<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Um\u00fdv\u00e1rny<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n30 na 1 umyvadlo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sprchy<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n150-200 na 1 sprchu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Z\u00e1chody<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n50 na 1 kabinu, 25 na 1 piso\u00e1r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Po\u017eadavky pro \u0161koln\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka \u010d. 410\/2005 Sb. ve zn\u011bn\u00ed pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f po\u017eaduje mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9ho venkovn\u00edho vzduchu do u\u010deben 20 a\u017e 30 m3<\/sup>\/h na \u017e\u00e1ka. D\u00e1le v souladu s vyhl\u00e1\u0161kou \u010d. 268\/2009 Sb. o technick\u00fdch po\u017eadavc\u00edch na stavby, nesm\u00ed koncentrace CO2<\/sub> v\u00a0pobytov\u00fdch prostor\u00e1ch p\u0159ekro\u010dit hodnotu 1 500 ppm<\/strong> (= Parts Per Million \u2013 \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed z\u00a0milionu). Viz \u0160k\u00e1la koncentrace CO2<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

Jak je to s\u00a0ostatn\u00edmi prostory \u0161koly?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Kabinety, sborovny nebo t\u0159eba t\u011blocvi\u010dny je mo\u017en\u00e9 st\u00e1le v\u011btrat okny. Prostory jako jsou toalety nebo um\u00fdv\u00e1rny je pak vhodn\u00e9 v\u011btrat pomoc\u00ed v\u011btrac\u00edch jednotek \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch \u010didly kvality vzduchu.<\/p>\n

Nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e1 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed ve \u0161koln\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Prov\u00e1d\u011bli jsme a prov\u00e1d\u00edme monitoring koncentrace CO2<\/sub> v mnoha t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch a\u0165 u\u017e v z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u010di st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch po cel\u00e9 \u010cR. Z na\u0161ich m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vy\u0161el pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br: koncentrace CO2<\/sub> ve t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch stoupne v drtiv\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f na nep\u0159ijatelnou hodnotu u\u017e b\u011bhem prvn\u00ed vyu\u010dovac\u00ed hodiny (n\u011bkdy i po prvn\u00ed p\u016fl hodin\u011b vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed) hned v pond\u011bl\u00ed r\u00e1no. A to t\u0159eba a\u017e na hodnoty 4\u00a0000 a\u017e 5\u00a0000 ppm,<\/strong> co\u017e je ji\u017e opravdu velmi vyd\u00fdchan\u00fd vzduch s nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdmi od\u00e9ry a z\u00e1pachy, maj\u00edc\u00ed pak negativn\u00ed dopad na pob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed osoby.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Monitoring a regulace dle koncentrace CO2<\/sub><\/strong><\/h3>\n

S ohledem na dosa\u017een\u00ed co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u00faspor za energie pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 na v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed a vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 efektivn\u011b \u0159\u00eddit v\u011btrac\u00ed syst\u00e9m na z\u00e1klad\u011b koncentrace CO2<\/sub> ve\u00a0v\u011btran\u00e9m prostoru.<\/p>\n

Kvalita vzduchu ve t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch se m\u00e1 dle vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky kontrolovat dle hodnoty koncentrace oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho. Pro tyto \u00fa\u010dely jsme p\u0159ipravili speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed \u010didlo.<\/p>\n

\u0160KOLN\u00cd \u010cIDLO <\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0160koln\u00ed \u010didlo NLII-CO2-R-5-A<\/span><\/a>\u00a0opticky i akusticky upozorn\u00ed na vysokou koncentraci oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho (CO2<\/sub>) ve\u00a0vzduchu, a tedy na pot\u0159ebu v\u011btrat bez toho, aby v\u00fdrazn\u011b naru\u0161ovalo v\u00fduku. \u010cidlo je vybaveno pokro\u010dil\u00fdm optick\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem monitoringu CO2<\/sub> a z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u00e1 i v\u00fdstupy pro\u00a0automatick\u00e9, efektivn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u011btrac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n

Tedy v prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi slou\u017e\u00ed \u010didlo pro monitoring kvality vnit\u0159n\u00edho vzduchu ve t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch a do budoucna i pro\u00a0efektivn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady \u010di jako hybridn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je k dispozici i funkce \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed oken nebo sv\u011btl\u00edk\u016f tam, kde je to vhodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka o povinn\u00e9m v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kol: co \u010dek\u00e1 jejich z\u0159izovatele? V roce 2023 p\u0159edlo\u017eilo Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed n\u00e1vrh vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky o hygienick\u00fdch po\u017eadavc\u00edch na prostory a provoz za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a provozoven pro v\u00fdchovu a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed a mladistv\u00fdch a d\u011btsk\u00fdch skupin. Co to pro \u0161koly a dal\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bude znamenat z hlediska v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch prostor\u016f?   V\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed okny je zpravidla nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 a i nevhodn\u00e9\u00a0 P\u0159irozen\u00e9 v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed okny nen\u00ed obvykle dostate\u010dn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11948,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11947","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-legislative"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11947"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11947\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}