{"id":14084,"date":"2016-02-12T16:40:24","date_gmt":"2016-02-12T15:40:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/sin-categoria\/gestion-de-la-necesidad-real\/"},"modified":"2026-03-06T21:13:18","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T20:13:18","slug":"gestion-de-la-necesidad-real","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/no-clasificado\/gestion-de-la-necesidad-real\/","title":{"rendered":"Gesti\u00f3n de la necesidad real"},"content":{"rendered":"

Inteligentn\u00ed syst\u00e9my v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h1>\n

Syst\u00e9my nucen\u00e9ho v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou pracuj\u00ed na\u00a0z\u00e1klad\u011b tzv. \u010dasov\u00e9 regulace, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee objem vym\u011b\u0148ovan\u00e9ho vzduchu je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na\u00a0\u010dasov\u00fdch intervalech. V\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdy doch\u00e1zet k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee vzduch se\u00a0vym\u011b\u0148uje intenz\u00edvn\u011bji, ne\u017e je v\u00a0dan\u00e9 situaci nutn\u00e9. To je m\u00ednusem \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0p\u0159esou\u0161en\u00ed vzduchu a\u00a0tak\u00e9 k\u00a0pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed energiemi. Ov\u0161em i\u00a0toto jedin\u00e9 m\u00ednus je mo\u017en\u00e9 vy\u0159e\u0161it \u00fasporn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm skute\u010dnou pot\u0159ebou.<\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edk\u00e1te si, co si p\u0159edstavit pod\u00a0pojmem \u201eskute\u010dn\u00e1 pot\u0159eba\u201c? Jednodu\u0161e tu jde o\u00a0nutn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vzduchu, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba do\u00a0interi\u00e9ru p\u0159iv\u00e9st v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u00fdch po\u017eadavc\u00edch. Syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 skute\u010dnou pot\u0159ebou jsou v\u00a0z\u00e1sad\u011b dva \u2013 VaV a\u00a0DCV.<\/p>\n

DCV syst\u00e9m<\/h3>\n

DCV syst\u00e9m (z anglick\u00e9ho Demand Controlled Ventilation) je syst\u00e9m spojit\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ventilace \u010didly kvality vzduchu. Jejich okam\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdkon je tedy z\u00e1visl\u00fd na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed kvalit\u011b vzduchu. DCV syst\u00e9m je m\u00e1 klapky na p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edm potrub\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou spojit\u011b staviteln\u00e9. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 klapka m\u00e1 op\u011bt svoje \u010didlo kvality vzduchu, kter\u00e9 ov\u0161em sv\u00fdm analogov\u00fdm sign\u00e1lem spojit\u011b \u0159\u00edd\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edho vzduchu. V\u00fdhodou je konstantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kvalita vnit\u0159n\u00edho vzduchu, nev\u00fdhodou jsou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na\u00a0servopohony klapek s mo\u017enost\u00ed spojit\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"dcv\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Sch\u00e9ma DCV syst\u00e9mu<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

VAV syst\u00e9m<\/h3>\n

VAV je z anglick\u00e9ho souslov\u00ed Variable Air Volume, tedy v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0prom\u011bnliv\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm vzduchu.\u00a0 Tento syst\u00e9m v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed je pou\u017eit na\u00a0ventilaci kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch prostor p\u0159\u00edmo ve\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. Ventilace je zaji\u0161t\u011bna rekupera\u010dn\u00ed jednotkou s\u00a0deskov\u00fdm protiproud\u00fdm v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edkem a\u00a0\u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed elektronikou poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0vlastn\u00edho\u00a0v\u00fdvoje. Tato jednotka pracuje v\u00a0re\u017eimu udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed konstantn\u00edho tlaku ve\u00a0v\u00fdstupn\u00edm\/p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edm potrub\u00ed do\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 kancel\u00e1\u0159 je vybavena jedn\u00edm \u010didlem oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho \u00a0<\/sub>a\u00a0klapkou na\u00a0potrub\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edvodn\u00ed klapka v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159i je ovl\u00e1d\u00e1na \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edm servopohonem, kter\u00fd je \u0159\u00edzen \u010didlem CO2<\/sub>. Pokud jsou v\u0161echny kancel\u00e1\u0159e pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 a\u00a0je v\u00a0nich nevyd\u00fdchan\u00fd vzduch, tak rekupera\u010dn\u00ed jednotka pracuje na\u00a0minim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon, proto\u017ee v\u0161echny klapky jsou zav\u0159eny a\u00a0je snadno dosa\u017een po\u017eadovan\u00fd tlak v\u00a0potrub\u00ed. Pokud p\u0159ijdou do\u00a0kancel\u00e1\u0159e lid\u00e9, tak postupn\u011b za\u010dne stoupat koncentrace CO2<\/sub>\u00a0a\u00a0p\u0159i p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00edm p\u0159ednastaven\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b koncentrace (v na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b 950 ppm) d\u00e1 \u010didlo povel na\u00a0otev\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00ed klapky. N\u00e1sledkem toho poklesne tlak v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edm potrub\u00ed a\u00a0rekupera\u010dn\u00ed jednotka pak automaticky zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed sv\u016fj v\u00fdkon (sna\u017e\u00ed se\u00a0udr\u017eet p\u0159ednastaven\u00fd tlak v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edm potrub\u00ed) a\u00a0za\u010dne se\u00a0tedy vyv\u011btr\u00e1vat tu kancel\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 vyd\u00fdchan\u00fd vzduch. Jakmile poklesne koncentrace CO2<\/sub>\u00a0pod\u00a0spodn\u00ed hranici (v\u00a0na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je to 800 ppm), tak se\u00a0op\u011bt p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00ed a\u00a0odvodn\u00ed klapka zav\u0159e a\u00a0dan\u00e1 kancel\u00e1\u0159 se\u00a0p\u0159estane vyv\u011btr\u00e1vat. Takto jsou v\u011btr\u00e1ny jednotliv\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e a\u00a0v\u00fdkon rekupera\u010dn\u00ed jednotky neboli po\u017eadavek na\u00a0celkov\u00e9 pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vzduchu, je p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n rekupera\u010dn\u00ed jednotce p\u0159es aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed tlak v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edm potrub\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Klapky v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00edch jsou vybaveny takov\u00fdm typem servopohonu, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje pouze ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed klapek syst\u00e9mem otev\u0159eno\/zav\u0159eno, neumo\u017e\u0148uje tedy spojit\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed polohy zav\u00edrac\u00edch klapek.<\/p>\n

Klapky v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00edch jsou vybaveny takov\u00fdm typem servopohonu, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje pouze ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed klapek syst\u00e9mem otev\u0159eno\/zav\u0159eno, neumo\u017e\u0148uje tedy spojit\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed polohy zav\u00edrac\u00edch klapek.<\/p>\n

\"vav\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Sch\u00e9ma VAV syst\u00e9mu<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u00davodn\u00ed regulace syst\u00e9mu<\/h3>\n

P\u0159i prvn\u00edm spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed syst\u00e9mu bylo nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9mu tak, aby ka\u017ed\u00e1 kancel\u00e1\u0159 byla v\u011btr\u00e1na dostate\u010dn\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm vzduchu podle\u00a0po\u010dtu osob, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0n\u00ed pracuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Zaregulov\u00e1n\u00ed ventila\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu bylo provedeno tak, \u017ee nejprve byly zcela otev\u0159eny v\u0161echny klapky u v\u0161ech kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a u t\u00e9 nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bylo m\u011b\u0159eno mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho vzduchu. Pak byl postupn\u011b navy\u0161ov\u00e1n tlak v p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edm potrub\u00ed za ventila\u010dn\u00ed jednotkou tak, aby bylo dosa\u017eeno pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edvodu vzduchu do t\u00e9to nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e dle po\u010dtu osob v n\u00ed pracuj\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Pot\u00e9 se postupovalo sm\u011brem k ventila\u010dn\u00ed jednotce p\u0159es ka\u017edou kancel\u00e1\u0159 tak, \u017ee bylo v\u017edy nastaveno pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edho vzduchu pomoc\u00ed nastaven\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9 polohy p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00ed a odvodn\u00ed klapky. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fahel otev\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edch a odvodn\u00edch klapek byl tedy u ka\u017ed\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e individu\u00e1ln\u011b nastaven pomoc\u00ed staviteln\u00e9ho koncov\u00e9ho dorazu. Ventila\u010dn\u00ed jednotka pak byla p\u0159epnuta do norm\u00e1ln\u00edho provozn\u00edho stavu, kde byl zad\u00e1n po\u017eadovan\u00fd tlak v p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edm potrub\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b na tu hodnotu, kter\u00e1 byla zji\u0161t\u011bna p\u0159i prvotn\u00edm zaregulov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"zasedacka<\/a><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1znam koncentrace CO2<\/sub> v zasedac\u00ed m\u00edstnosti a kancel\u00e1\u0159i, kter\u00e9 jsou ventilov\u00e1ny v\u00fd\u0161e popsan\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem VAV<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"Sch\u00e9ma<\/a><\/p>\n

Sch\u00e9ma vzduchotechnick\u00fdch rozvod\u016f ve firm\u011b Protronix<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00bfCu\u00e1l es la diferencia entre la ventilaci\u00f3n no regulada y el sistema de ventilaci\u00f3n VAV (del t\u00e9rmino en ingl\u00e9s variable air volume) y DCV (del t\u00e9rmino en ingl\u00e9s demand controlled ventilation)? El art\u00edculo describe las ventajas, desventajas y el funcionamiento de estos sistemas.
\nEl sistema VAV se explica con un ejemplo concreto en nuestra empresa. Se describe la regulaci\u00f3n inicial del sistema y su funcionamiento durante varios a\u00f1os. La ventilaci\u00f3n se regula aqu\u00ed mediante sensores de calidad del aire, que se fabrican directamente en la empresa. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":14094,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14084","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-no-clasificado","post_format-post-format-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14084"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14095,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14084\/revisions\/14095"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14094"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14084"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14084"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidladev.mh370.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}